|
|
 |
|
|
|
|
Research Articles
Determination of Optimal Water Solubility of Capsaicin for its Usage as a Non-toxic Antifoulant (4 pp)
Cafer Turgut; Bi-min Zhang Newby; Teresa Cutright
Corresponding author:: Dr. Teresa J. Cutright, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron OH 44325-3905, USA (tcutright@uakron.edu)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2003.12.180
Background. Capsaicin, a non-toxic natural product antifoulant, is an attractive alternative to the currently used toxic metal-based antifoulants for protecting the submerged surfaces. The problem associated with conducting capsaicin experiments is its limited aqueous solubility.
Methods. A procedure was developed to obtain the maximum capsaicin concentration in water. Capsaicin was first dissolved in one of the three organic solvents, methanol, ethanol, and acetone. The organic solvent was replaced by gradually adding distilled water and evaporating the organic solvent.
Results. The best solvent for obtaining highest concentration of capsaicin in water was ethanol. A maximum capsaicin in water 6400 ppm was achieved by using16 mg capsaicin dissolved in 0.8 ml ethanol followed with the addition of 2.5 ml distilled water in 0.2 ml increments and then slow evaporation of the solvent.
Conclusion. The concentration obtained using our approach is well above the threshold concentration of capsaicin in deterring the marine organism attachments. | | Keywords: antifoulants; biocides; capsaicin; non-toxic antifoulant; water solubility |
11 ESPR (1) 7-10 (2004)
|
|
|
|
